Задание 21 ЕГЭ по английскому языку: страница 3
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в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–24.1. Science in ancient Rome
The Romans assimilated earlier Greek science for their own purposes. The __________________ architects and doctors in the Roman world were very often Greek, and the Roman respect for ancient Greek scholars continued right up to the end of the Empire. ONE 2.
An important feature of Roman scientists was that they tried to find authoritative answers to any questions they had about the world. Moreover, ancient Romans __________________ fond of purposeless discussions. NOT BE 3.
They tried to solve practical problems. Physics, for instance, had to help produce effective weapons. Biology had to help farmers so that they __________________ grow good crops. CAN 4.
Mathematics had to provide builders with the __________________ answers how to construct impressive domes and arches. Medicine was greatly developed, too. Roman doctors performed various operations and knew how to treat many illnesses. GOOD 5.
Wealthy Romans often __________________ money to scientists to support their research. GIVE 6.
We still remember the names of Roman scientists and philosophers and study __________________ ideas. THEY They tried to solve practical problems. Physics, for instance, had to help produce effective weapons. Biology had to help farmers so that they __________________ grow good crops. CAN Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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1. Winston Churchill
Winston Churchill was a great political leader and a very clever man. Many British people think since then there __________________ a prime minister better than him. NOT BE 2.
He even __________________ the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1953. WIN 3.
His __________________ work was a six-volume memoir about WW2, but he wrote some science fiction books as well. FAMOUS 4. Clouds
Do you like to watch clouds? Many people all over the world enjoy __________________ it. DO 5.
There are a lot of different kinds of clouds but they all look white as they reflect the Sun’s light – just like the Moon. It is interesting to know that clouds __________________ unique to our planet. NOT BE 6.
In fact, any planet with an atmosphere has __________________. THEY 7.
It takes an hour or __________________ to form a cloud. That is why the weather can change so quickly. LITTLE Предыдущий формат экзамена: пропуск 21.
His __________________ work was a six-volume memoir about WW2, but he wrote some science fiction books as well. FAMOUS Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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1. No more selfies!
Modern social media is full of people’s selfies. People use various filters to look __________________ than they really are, but is it worth it? GOOD 2.
Psychologists point out that dealing too much with selfies can ruin a person’s self-esteem. We should all stop __________________ so many selfies. TAKE 3.
We __________________ to create a false image of ourselves to be loved by others. NOT NEED 4. Oranges
Do you like oranges? This bright fruit is very popular all over the world. Oranges __________________ to the West from Asian countries only in the 15th century. COME 5.
You may be surprised to know that __________________ oranges were not in fact orange – they were green. THAT 6.
Since that time people __________________ to make many things from oranges – from orange juice to tasty marmalade. LEARN We __________________ to create a false image of ourselves to be loved by others. NOT NEED Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–24.1. Henna
Henna is a well-known natural dye coming in all shades of dark red, orange and brown. It is made from dried and powdered leaves of the Lawsonia inermis plant. When __________________ with liquids like water or lemon juice, it forms a paste that is used to create various temporary designs. MIX 2.
People __________________ henna for centuries. USE 3.
Ancient Egyptians and Indians discovered the wonderful properties of henna a long time ago and started to use it to dye skin, hair and fingernails, as well as fabrics __________________ silk, wool, and leather. INCLUDE 4.
Later people __________________ better ways to dye fabrics, but they still use henna as a form of artistic expression. Henna designs often carry symbolic meanings, with different patterns representing blessings and hopes for the future on certain social occasions like weddings. FIND 5.
Henna is also used by __________________ to colour their hair or to treat skin problems. WOMAN 6.
One of the __________________ ways to use henna is to apply it to wounds or sunburns as it has natural cooling properties like aloe gel and prevents infections and inflammation. GOOD Ancient Egyptians and Indians discovered the wonderful properties of henna a long time ago and started to use it to dye skin, hair and fingernails, as well as fabrics __________________ silk, wool, and leather. INCLUDE Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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1. Snakes
Snakes are beautiful but dangerous animals. That is why there are a lot of myths about them and their behaviour. Many people think snakes enjoy __________________ to music. LISTEN 2.
People __________________ this myth for a long time. BELIEVE 3.
In fact, snakes __________________ music or sounds and react only to your movements. Isn’t it amazing? NOT HEAR 4. A lucky chance
Everybody knows Sofia Kovalevskaya. She was the __________________ woman to become the professor of mathematics. ONE 5.
However, few people know that Sofia __________________ interested in mathematics at a very early age. GET 6.
There __________________ enough wallpaper for her room and her parents put some sheets of paper instead. NOT BE 7.
__________________ sheets turned out to be notes of lectures of a famous Russian mathematician. THIS Предыдущий формат экзамена: пропуск 21.
In fact, snakes __________________ music or sounds and react only to your movements. Isn’t it amazing? NOT HEAR Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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1. From the history of skirts
Skirts are a popular item of clothing. They __________________ around 3900 BC. INVENT 2.
Now mostly __________________ wear skirts of different colours, styles and length. WOMAN 3.
However, you may be surprised to learn that in ancient Greece only men __________________ skirts. In some cultures, skirts are still a part of male outfits. Isn’t that amazing? WEAR 4. The English language
You are lucky to know English! It __________________ one of the most popular languages in the world for many years. BE 5.
However, learning English can be hard because some linguists say it has the __________________ grammar of all European languages. BAD 6.
There are many grammar rules and even more exceptions to __________________. THEY 7.
Spelling __________________ easy either. So, if you have mastered English, you are a highly intelligent person! NOT BE Предыдущий формат экзамена: пропуск 21.
However, you may be surprised to learn that in ancient Greece only men __________________ skirts. In some cultures, skirts are still a part of male outfits. Isn’t that amazing? WEAR Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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The Egyptian Pyramids are among the most famous landmarks of the world. They __________________ one of the main touristic spots of Egypt for a long time. BE 2.
It is hard to imagine how ancient people managed to make such huge constructions without modern machines and tools. Still, they did it. All the pyramids of Egypt __________________ between 2575 BC and 1650 BC. BUILD 3.
The construction of the pyramids was an architectural marvel, __________________ the Egyptians’ advanced understanding of engineering and mathematics. The Great Pyramid of Giza, for instance, comprises over two million stone blocks about 2.5 tons each. DEMONSTRATE 4.
Modern scientists __________________ exactly what methods ancient Egyptians used to move such heavy blocks to the building site. Contrary to a popular belief, slaves were not widely used for building pyramids. NOT KNOW 5.
Instead, talented engineers and __________________ worked together, and they were well-fed and paid. CRAFTSMAN 6.
There is even some evidence that there were doctors treating the pyramid builders, which proves that pharaohs __________________ this process seriously. TAKE The construction of the pyramids was an architectural marvel, __________________ the Egyptians’ advanced understanding of engineering and mathematics. The Great Pyramid of Giza, for instance, comprises over two million stone blocks about 2.5 tons each. DEMONSTRATE Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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1. A strange story
Boris Kustodiev was a famous Soviet painter. One day two young scientists __________________ to see him. COME 2.
They wanted to have their portraits painted. Kustodiev painted portraits of famous people only and his __________________ wish was to refuse them. ONE 3.
Still, the scientists insisted they __________________ famous in the near future. They were P. Kapitsa and N. Semenov, who both later got the Nobel Prizes. BE 4. A tasty cup
Can you imagine a person who drinks his cup of coffee, then has his empty cup for dessert and leaves the café? A lot of Italian restaurants now serve the __________________ coffee in the country in the cups which one can eat. GOOD 5.
The cup __________________ with a substance which keeps the liquid inside. COVER 6.
You __________________ to put extra sugar in your coffee in such a cup because it is sweet. NOT NEED 7.
There is no doubt that soon such cups __________________ popular all over the world. BECOME Предыдущий формат экзамена: пропуск 21.
Still, the scientists insisted they __________________ famous in the near future. They were P. Kapitsa and N. Semenov, who both later got the Nobel Prizes. BE Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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1. The Thorn Birds
The Thorn Birds is a 1977 bestselling novel by the Australian author Colin McCullough. The story gives __________________ information about life on Australian sheep stations, but it also includes a dramatic love story. WE 2.
The book __________________ the writer international fame as soon as it was published. BRING 3.
In 1983 it was adapted into a TV miniseries __________________ Richard Chamberlain and Rachel Ward. STAR 4. GPS functions
Car GPS Tracking appears a lot in new vehicles, offering drivers tracking and navigation. Yet, the __________________ inventions are even more modern and sophisticated, offering extra opportunities to people. LATE 5.
Smart box technology is one example of how car GPS tracking systems __________________ to lower car insurance. USE 6.
If the driver __________________ the rules, he gets a discount or an insurance premium. NOT BREAK 7.
Without doubt, this new technology __________________ popular among drivers very soon. BECOME Предыдущий формат экзамена: пропуск 21.
In 1983 it was adapted into a TV miniseries __________________ Richard Chamberlain and Rachel Ward. STAR Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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There are few Russian Gzhel artists who still work according to the old Gzhel Maiolica technology. Now they __________________ significant recognition in this craft. ACHIEVE 2.
__________________ artists have their own section in the State Historical Museum because their items are not a craft anymore, they are already an art form. THIS 3.
The old Gzhel technology is complicated, and such artists work alone on their pieces throughout the entire cycle __________________ from a lump of clay and up to the final result. START 4. A clever solution
In 1140 the town of Weinsberg in Germany was attacked by King Conrad III and his army. The town was very small and had no chance to survive. King Conrad III said that only __________________ could leave the town. WOMAN 5.
They __________________ to take whatever they could carry themselves. ALLOW 6.
The King promised nobody __________________ them, so the ladies of Weinsberg left the town carrying their husbands on their backs, and the King had to let them go away. STOP The old Gzhel technology is complicated, and such artists work alone on their pieces throughout the entire cycle __________________ from a lump of clay and up to the final result. START Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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The M12 is a brand-new motorway in Russia. Its first section 21 km long was opened for traffic in September 2022, and it will be completed by 2027 only. It will connect Moscow to Kazan, __________________ through five administrative territories. PASS 2.
Although roadworkers __________________ the M12 yet, there are still a lot of interesting sights you can see along this new road. NOT COMPLETE 3.
Driving the M12 is perhaps the __________________ way to visit many small Russian towns like Noginsk, Pokrov and so on. GOOD 4. Monowi
The town of Monowi, Nebraska, the USA, is a very special place. It __________________ in 1903 by immigrants from Europe. In the 1930s it was an ordinary American town. FOUND 5.
However, if you came there now, you __________________ very surprised to see that the population of this town is only one person. The town’s only resident’s name is Elsie Elner. BE 6.
She is an old lady but she still works __________________ her own pub to serve passing travellers and tourists. RUN Driving the M12 is perhaps the __________________ way to visit many small Russian towns like Noginsk, Pokrov and so on. GOOD Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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1. Wallpaper
Many people prefer to decorate their rooms with wallpaper. It __________________ in rolls and is relatively inexpensive. SELL 2.
Wallpaper is __________________ than paint because it comes in all sorts of patterns and colours. GOOD 3.
You can even buy wallpaper with a photo of a landscape and enjoy __________________ at beautiful views every day. LOOK 4. I saw it in a dream!
When scientists think about something very hard, their minds work all the time. Many scientists didn’t expect that they __________________ a solution to their problem in their sleep. FIND 5.
For instance, Niels Bohr __________________ an idea about the atomic structure while sleeping. HAVE 6.
Some great musical pieces of Richard Wagner __________________ by him in his dreams. HEAR 7.
There are __________________ examples of it than you can imagine, so next time you have a hard problem to solve, just have a good night’s sleep! MANY Предыдущий формат экзамена: пропуск 21.
You can even buy wallpaper with a photo of a landscape and enjoy __________________ at beautiful views every day. LOOK Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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1. New Year around the world
Everybody loves New Year. It is a holiday which __________________ all over the world. CELEBRATE 2.
In Scandinavia __________________ cook rice with nuts and not turkey for New Year. WOMAN 3.
Italian people enjoy __________________ old things out of the windows on New Year’s Day. It is interesting to learn about these traditions. THROW 4. A treasure in a chair
The Browns from Manchester, the UK, are a very lucky family. Some years ago, Mr Brown __________________ a chair on sale. BUY 5.
However, Mrs Brown __________________ it. NOT LIKE 6.
Mr Brown took it to the attic thinking he __________________ it later. SELL 7.
While cleaning it before a spring garage sale, he broke it by accident and found expensive jewellery inside. Mrs Brown says it’s the __________________ surprise in her life! GOOD Предыдущий формат экзамена: пропуск 21.
Italian people enjoy __________________ old things out of the windows on New Year’s Day. It is interesting to learn about these traditions. THROW Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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1. Cats
Cats are amazing creatures. They have __________________ bones than a human. MANY 2.
However, they __________________ collar bones, so they are incredibly flexible and can get through really small holes. NOT HAVE 3.
They are also able to produce a lot of sounds, which __________________ by them to express a huge variety of feelings and emotions. USE 4. Omar Khayyam
Omar Khayyam was a famous Persian philosopher and poet. Many people all over the world enjoy reading his works. His poetry __________________ known to Europeans only in the 19th century. BECOME 5.
His __________________ works are quatrains where one can find words of wisdom suitable practically for any occasion. GOOD 6.
Omar Khayyam hoped his poems __________________ people to get happy and not to concentrate on their problems too much. HELP They are also able to produce a lot of sounds, which __________________ by them to express a huge variety of feelings and emotions. USE Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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Did you know?
Here are some interesting facts about Australia. Canberra ___CHOOSE___ as the capital because Sydney and Melbourne could not stop arguing which city should be the capital of Australia. The sports capital of the world has 70 percent of ____IT____ total population participating at least once a week in a particular recreational activity or sport. 80 % of Australians believe Australia has a strong culture and identity characterised by honesty, sports and multiculturalism based on research ___ORGANISE____ by the Australia Day Council of NSW in 2008.
The wolf and the goat
A hungry wolf was out searching for a meal. He ____SEE____ a goat feeding on grass on top of a high cliff. The wolf wished to get the goat to climb down from the rock and into his grasp and he called out to her. “Excuse me, dear Goat,” he said in a friendly voice, “It is very dangerous for you to be at such a height. Do come down before you injure yourself. Besides, the grass is much _____GREEN____ down here. Take my advice, and please come down from that high cliff.” But the goat knew too well of the wolf’s intent. “You ____NOT CARE___ if I eat good grass or bad. What you care about is ___EAT___ me.”1. Did you know?
Here are some interesting facts about Australia. Canberra __________________ as the capital because Sydney and Melbourne could not stop arguing which city should be the capital of Australia. CHOOSE 2.
The sports capital of the world has 70 percent of __________________ total population participating at least once a week in a particular recreational activity or sport. IT 3.
80 % of Australians believe Australia has a strong culture and identity characterised by honesty, sports and multiculturalism based on research __________________ by the Australia Day Council of NSW in 2008. ORGANISE 4. The wolf and the goat
A hungry wolf was out searching for a meal. He __________________ a goat feeding on grass on top of a high cliff. The wolf wished to get the goat to climb down from the rock and into his grasp and he called out to her. SEE 5.
“Excuse me, dear Goat,” he said in a friendly voice, “It is very dangerous for you to be at such a height. Do come down before you injure yourself. Besides, the grass is much __________________ down here. Take my advice, and please come down from that high cliff.” GREEN 6.
But the goat knew too well of the wolf’s intent. “You __________________ if I eat good grass or bad. NOT CARE 7.
What you care about is __________________ me.” EAT Предыдущий формат экзамена: пропуск 21.
80 % of Australians believe Australia has a strong culture and identity characterised by honesty, sports and multiculturalism based on research __________________ by the Australia Day Council of NSW in 2008. ORGANISE Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–24.1. The River Nile
The River Nile is the longest river in the world, stretching for 6853 km in the northeast of Africa. It __________________ the main water source for many African countries such as Sudan or Egypt for a long time. BE 2.
Ancient Egyptians settled along the banks of the Nile. There they __________________ to build accommodation and grow crops. BEGIN 3.
Wheat was the __________________ crop which ancient Egyptians cultivated, and they greatly depended on the Nile floods to make the soil fertile. The river’s waters were used for irrigation, enabling the growth of crops like wheat and barley. ONE 4.
The Nile’s predictable flooding cycle allowed ancient Egyptians to develop a calendar based on its patterns. They knew very well that they __________________ from hunger and poverty if the river didn’t flood. Thus, the Nile was the starting point of the ancient Egyptian civilization. SUFFER 5.
Many ancient Egyptian cities, including Cairo and Luxor, __________________ along the Nile’s banks. BUILD 6.
Ancient Egyptians even believed the River Nile was a god, __________________ as Hapi, who was believed to control the river’s flooding. KNOW Wheat was the __________________ crop which ancient Egyptians cultivated, and they greatly depended on the Nile floods to make the soil fertile. The river’s waters were used for irrigation, enabling the growth of crops like wheat and barley. ONE Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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1. Languages of the world
What do you think is the most difficult language to learn? Chinese? Japanese? No, it is Basque, the language which __________________ in northwestern Spain and southwestern France. SPEAK 2.
It __________________ to any other language in the world. In Basque, the name of the language is officially “Euskara”. NOT RELATE 3.
In French, the language is normally called “basque”, though in recent times “euskara” has become common. Spanish has a __________________ variety of names for the language than French. Today, it is most commonly referred to as “el vasco”, ”la lengua vasca” or “el euskera”. GREAT 4. Slavery in North America
August 13, 1619 is the date when two and a half centuries of slavery in North America began. On this day the first Africans kidnapped by the Portuguese arrived in the British colony of Virginia and __________________ by English colonists. BUY 5.
__________________ at Jamestown in 1607, the Virginia Colony was home to about 700 people by 1619. FOUND 6.
The first enslaved Africans to arrive there disembarked at Point Comfort, in what __________________ today as Hampton Roads. KNOW 7.
Most of __________________ names, as well as the exact number of those who remained at Point Comfort, have been lost to history, but much is known about their journey. THEY Предыдущий формат экзамена: пропуск 21.
In French, the language is normally called “basque”, though in recent times “euskara” has become common. Spanish has a __________________ variety of names for the language than French. Today, it is most commonly referred to as “el vasco”, ”la lengua vasca” or “el euskera”. GREAT Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–25.
1. Strange but true
When President Lincoln was ready to sign the Emancipation Proclamation, his hands __________________ because he was very nervous. SHAKE 2.
So he __________________ the pen down. He decided to wait to sign the document until he could do this with a steady hand. PUT 3.
He was afraid that his critics would accuse __________________ of hesitating if they saw a shaky signature. HE 4. The camera
The camera is a miraculous invention. Some people treat it as a time machine. It helps people capture any moment in history and in the present. Alexander Walcott __________________ to have invented it. CONSIDER 5.
The __________________ camera appeared in 1840. ONE 6.
The improvement in the camera technology has helped bring motion pictures. Today, we enjoy our __________________ images and get time to interact with our own past. GOOD 7.
It __________________ with us forever in our photos and home videos. STAY Предыдущий формат экзамена: пропуск 21.
He was afraid that his critics would accuse __________________ of hesitating if they saw a shaky signature. HE Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–25.
1. Live green!
The Oriental Development Company is an enterprise in Japan. It specializes in green inventions. One of their newest inventions is connected with __________________ paper. RECYCLE 2.
The machine can recycle waste paper. It __________________ to the public several months ago. INTRODUCE 3.
A big advantage is that this machine __________________ any harmful emissions. NOT PRODUCE 4. Where’s our teacher?
One school had a very strict head teacher. Once he __________________ around the school when he heard a terrible noise coming from one of the classrooms. WALK 5.
Opening the door, the teacher __________________ a noisy young man in the centre of the classroom. SEE 6.
He was __________________ than the others and he was making the most noise. The head teacher ordered him to leave the classroom immediately. TALL 7.
“Any more questions?” he asked the students. “Yes, sir,” the __________________ replied. “Can we have our teacher back?” CHILD Предыдущий формат экзамена: пропуск 21.
A big advantage is that this machine __________________ any harmful emissions. NOT PRODUCE Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–25.
1. A hungry wolf
An old nurse was putting a baby to bed. She __________________ the boy to be quiet otherwise she would give him to a wolf. TELL 2.
But the child __________________ even more and more loudly. SCREAM 3.
The wolf heard the screams and thought to himself, “I__________________ any lunch yet. This boy is just what I need.” But the old nurse shut the door and all the windows, and the wolf had to go away. Never trust enemies’ promises. NOT HAVE 4. The invention of the light bulb
Every person in the world knows about Thomas Edison. The electric light bulb __________________ by this famous scientist. INVENT 5.
The electrification of the modern world profoundly changed human life, __________________ the night. ILLUMINATE 6.
The __________________ electric bulb made it possible for people to continue their usual day activities after dark. ONE 7.
Edison started with a 40-hour life light bulb and finally made a bulb that lasted for 1500 hours. This certainly revolutionized human __________________ at that time. LIFE Предыдущий формат экзамена: пропуск 21.
The wolf heard the screams and thought to himself, “I__________________ any lunch yet. This boy is just what I need.” But the old nurse shut the door and all the windows, and the wolf had to go away. Never trust enemies’ promises. NOT HAVE Источник: ФИПИ (по данным открытых источников).
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Проверено . Источники: ФИПИ — открытый банк заданий ЕГЭ · ФИПИ — спецификации и демоверсии ЕГЭ. Официальные решения публикуют Рособрнадзор, ФИПИ и Минпросвещения — при расхождении верны они.